The Marksmanship Handbook - UNITAF Force Manual (FM)




The Marksmanship Handbook
Marksmanship is a core skill of the infantry and good marksman are key asset covering long range weapons platforms from Rifles to Snipers. They are able to accurately hit targets and group shots over long distances.



FM/G92 - Training Teams

FM/G83 - Distance estimation

FM/G65 - Basic marksmanship

FM/BS-276 - Adjust your aiming point for range to target

Adjust your aiming point vertically relative to the target by:

  • estimating the distance to the target visually
  • adjusting based on previous shot impacts
FM/BS-298 - Adjust your aiming point for moving targets

Adjust your aiming point horizontally, relative to the target, by:

  • estimating the target speed visually
  • estimating the distance to the target visually
  • adjusting based on previous shot impacts
FM/BS-296 - Control weapon sway caused by breathing

Hold your breath when pulling the trigger to ensure steady aim.

Follow these principles for more effective breath control:

  • Be efficient and keep the held duration short to avoid getting winded.
  • Time your hold in the brief respiratory pause at the bottom of the movement cycle to better predict placement.
  • Learn to compensate for respiratory sway, as situations may arise that expose this technique as privileged for time.
FM/BS-283 - Take into account bore offset when aiming your rifle

When aiming your rifle, remember that at close ranges bullets will hit lower than what your sight is indicating because the sight is mounted above the barrel. This effect is even more pronounced if you are using the backup sights on a scope.

Sight line vs Bore line

Above: Sight line vs Bore line

FM/BS-297 - Use an appropriate shooting stance

Use an appropriate shooting stance for the engement while taking into account available cover, sight stability and mobility requirements.

FM/G82 - Precision shooting

FM/BS-429 - Manually adjust for bullet drop using a range card
  • Look up the vertical deviation caused by gravity using the range to target and a range card
  • Integrate the calculated value into the final ballistics solution
FM/BS-428 - Adjust follow-up shots to correct misses correlating to your sight picture

Adjust for misses by correcting for the observed impact through any of the following core principles:

  • with any sight, estimating the impact offset and holding its inverse,
  • with a milliradian sight, reading the impact offset in mrad to hold the inverse of that exact amount,
  • with a milliradian sight, reading the impact offset in mrad to dial in the inverse of that exact amount on the scope.

FM/G81 - Rifles, scopes and ammunition

FM/G62 - Sniper team dynamics

FM/G84 - Assisted ballistics

FM/G80 - Manual ballistics

FM/BS-429 - Manually adjust for bullet drop using a range card
  • Look up the vertical deviation caused by gravity using the range to target and a range card
  • Integrate the calculated value into the final ballistics solution
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